🔆Environmental Impact of Electric Vehicles (EVs)
✅Climate Benefit of EVs: • EVs help eliminate greenhouse gas emissions, playing a crucial role against climate change.
✅Air Pollution Concern: • Recent study shows EVs may worsen air pollution due to increased tyre wear from their greater weight.
✅Study Details: • Conducted by TIFR, IIT Bombay, and a US university. • Established how vehicle weight and speed affect the size of plastic particles released from tyre wear.
✅Tyre Particle Pollution: • Tyre wear emits microplastic and nanoplastic particles into the air. • Two degradation types: • Primary fragmentation: Larger particles from sudden braking or potholes. • Sequential fragmentation: Smaller airborne particles from prolonged use and friction.
✅Heavier Vehicles, Higher Emissions: • EVs are 15–20% heavier (300–900 kg batteries) than petrol/diesel cars. • Faster acceleration causes more tyre stress, friction, and heat. • Heavier, faster vehicles release more and smaller airborne particles, increasing pollution.
✅Global Implications: • With EV sales at 20% globally in 2024, this pollution concern is worldwide. • Calls for revisiting assumptions on EVs’ environmental friendliness.
✅Policy and Technological Responses: • Current air quality norms (PM2.5, PM10) don’t cover fine tyre particles—standards need updating. • R&D needed for tyres suited to heavier EVs. • Possible solutions include: • Capturing tyre particles at release points. • Improving road quality to reduce fragmentation.
🔆Environmental Impact of Electric Vehicles (EVs)
✅Climate Benefit of EVs: • EVs help eliminate greenhouse gas emissions, playing a crucial role against climate change.
✅Air Pollution Concern: • Recent study shows EVs may worsen air pollution due to increased tyre wear from their greater weight.
✅Study Details: • Conducted by TIFR, IIT Bombay, and a US university. • Established how vehicle weight and speed affect the size of plastic particles released from tyre wear.
✅Tyre Particle Pollution: • Tyre wear emits microplastic and nanoplastic particles into the air. • Two degradation types: • Primary fragmentation: Larger particles from sudden braking or potholes. • Sequential fragmentation: Smaller airborne particles from prolonged use and friction.
✅Heavier Vehicles, Higher Emissions: • EVs are 15–20% heavier (300–900 kg batteries) than petrol/diesel cars. • Faster acceleration causes more tyre stress, friction, and heat. • Heavier, faster vehicles release more and smaller airborne particles, increasing pollution.
✅Global Implications: • With EV sales at 20% globally in 2024, this pollution concern is worldwide. • Calls for revisiting assumptions on EVs’ environmental friendliness.
✅Policy and Technological Responses: • Current air quality norms (PM2.5, PM10) don’t cover fine tyre particles—standards need updating. • R&D needed for tyres suited to heavier EVs. • Possible solutions include: • Capturing tyre particles at release points. • Improving road quality to reduce fragmentation.
#environment #EVs
BY CSE EXAM ( UPSC prelims mains) CAPF
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The S&P 500 slumped 1.8% on Monday and Tuesday, thanks to China Evergrande, the Chinese property company that looks like it is ready to default on its more-than $300 billion in debt. Cries of the next Lehman Brothers—or maybe the next Silverado?—echoed through the canyons of Wall Street as investors prepared for the worst.
Export WhatsApp stickers to Telegram on Android
From the Files app, scroll down to Internal storage, and tap on WhatsApp. Once you’re there, go to Media and then WhatsApp Stickers. Don’t be surprised if you find a large number of files in that folder—it holds your personal collection of stickers and every one you’ve ever received. Even the bad ones.Tap the three dots in the top right corner of your screen to Select all. If you want to trim the fat and grab only the best of the best, this is the perfect time to do so: choose the ones you want to export by long-pressing one file to activate selection mode, and then tapping on the rest. Once you’re done, hit the Share button (that “less than”-like symbol at the top of your screen). If you have a big collection—more than 500 stickers, for example—it’s possible that nothing will happen when you tap the Share button. Be patient—your phone’s just struggling with a heavy load.On the menu that pops from the bottom of the screen, choose Telegram, and then select the chat named Saved messages. This is a chat only you can see, and it will serve as your sticker bank. Unlike WhatsApp, Telegram doesn’t store your favorite stickers in a quick-access reservoir right beside the typing field, but you’ll be able to snatch them out of your Saved messages chat and forward them to any of your Telegram contacts. This also means you won’t have a quick way to save incoming stickers like you did on WhatsApp, so you’ll have to forward them from one chat to the other.
